The role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of endometrial polyps in postmenopausal disease

Salikhova T. R., Omarov N. S.-M.

The aim of this study. To study the role of hypoxia and HIF-1α in the pathogenesis of the development of endometrial polyps (EP) in postmenopause. Materials and Methods: We examined of 120 postmenopausal patients, including 90 patients with EP and 30 women with a morphologically unchanged endometrium. The somatic and obstetric-gynecological anamnesis were assessed; In both groups, the level of microbial contamination of the urogenital tract, the state of local immunity, and the activity of expression of the hypoxia-inducible protein factor HIF-1α were assessed. Results: A statistical analysis was performed to assess the significance of each of the risk factors studied in the onset of EP in postmenopausal women. The combination of the most significant factors was identified: the use of intrauterine contraceptive (IUD) as contraception, the patients of the main group most often used IUD - 21 (23.4%), compared to control - 3 (10.0%); [P <0.05]. It was shown that the risk of the onset of EP in women with HAART is significantly higher (RR = 2.25, OR = 4.13, 95% CI 1.21-4.17), with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 38% . More often in the group with EP there was such extragenital pathology as ischemic heart disease (angina of tension) 17 (18.9) and 1 (3.3) in the control group (χ24.27 P <0.05.) Conclusion: Thus, the prolonged action of inflammatory, metabolic-endocrine, cardiovascular factors initiated the state of local hypoxia and inevitably was one of the links in the pathogenesis of EP in postmenopause.

Keywords:Endometrial polyp, postmenopause, hypoxia, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)