Assessment of the impact of chemical and petrochemical enterprises on the ecological state of water bodies (by the example of the Belaya river)

Teltsova L. Z., Biktasheva G. H., Gabidullina G. F., Gulamanova G. A.

Pollution of environmental objects with oil and oil products is a serious environmental problem on a global scale. In the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB), the oil industry is represented by a full list of technological processes, including production, transportation of oil, storage, production and use of refined products, which have a versatile impact on all components of the natural environment. The water bodies connected with the territories of oil-producing and chemical enterprises are exposed to the most intense impact. The most environmentally hazardous sources of pollution of surface and groundwater in the middle reaches of the White river are large petrochemical enterprises of Belarus, located in the southern and Central industrial sites. At this site, the output of petroleum hydrocarbons (hydrocarbons) to the surface was repeatedly noted. In the article the technique of research – experiments and laboratory testing of water samples for oil content by the method of IR – spectroscopy, determination of toxicity of water by the method of biotesting with the use of different test objects, the definition of the content of other chemical elements.

Keywords:Ishimbay, petroleum products, toxicity of water, emissions, biological testing tekhnosistema, monitoring, state, element, enterprise, alloy, industry, waste water