The impact of environmental factors, occupational activities, and dietary supplements on the mother during pregnancy and the risk of non-syndromic orofacial cleft formation in the fetus (literature review)

Yakimova A. V., Datsenko N. S., Marinkin I. O.

The article is devoted to the study of the effects of environmental factors, occupational activities and dietary supplements on the mother during pregnancy and the risk of non-sindromal orophacial fetal rushes. The authors reviewed the available epidemiological data on the risk of often occurring congenital anomalies related to environmental exposure, individual and socioeconomic risk factors, as well as their reduction under the conditions of multivitamin and folic acid use. It is suggested that the development of epigenetic biomarkers for orophacial cleft prediction and the use of epigenetic mechanisms to prevent disease are promising.

Keywords:fetal malformations, occupational hazards, orofacial cleft, folic acid, neonatal morbidity.