Application of DNA screening as one of the necessary factors for supporting the collective health of the nation

Tsekhomsky Alexander Vyacheslavovich, Nefedova Larisa Vladimirovna

The purpose of this study is to analyze data on DNA screening as a defining direction in medical genetic counseling and one of the key factors in the formation of a healthy gene pool of the nation. In recent years, DNA screening has taken a leading position among the methods of prenatal diagnosis of congenital diseases and in the future may become a mass phenomenon. Originating in the 70s of the last century, this method has become the safest and fastest way to diagnose trisomy on chromosome 21 and some other aneuploidies. Justification of the reasonableness of using this method is one of the objectives of this study. In the course of the work, articles, monographs, final and qualifying works on the topic under consideration were analyzed. The depth of the search was more than 25 years, which eliminates the possibility of losing sight of the opportunities that this method provides, and the disadvantages that its use entails.

Keywords:medical genetic counseling, DNA, enzyme, genome, screening.