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In the article was investigated the history of the tertiary relicts trees and bushes in the flora of Azerbaijan and has given a modern systematic analysis. At the same time, was classificated based on historical groups, identified distribution areas, rare or endangered species. At present in the flora of Azerbaijan spread out 8 species from 7 families, 8 genera of the subtropical Poltava flora of the tertiary period (mesothermic relics of pre-Arctic flora of the tertiary period), 38 tree and shrub plants from 16 families, 28 genera from Turgay relicts (mesothermic relicts of Arctic flora tertiary period). In the dendroflora of Azerbaijan remained two species of xerothermic relicts of the glacial period. Most xerothermic relicts of the tertiary period are herbaceous plants. There are 6 families, 9 genera and 10 species of xerothermic relicts of herbaceous forms in the flora of Azerbaijan. Thus, on the territory of Azerbaijan in the tertiary period from the rich species composition of plant groups prevalent in large areas in the modern flora, remain 48 tree-shrub and 10 herbaceous forms of relict species remained. Rare and endangered plants of the Azerbaijan Republic are preserved in 10 national parks, 13 state reserves, 24 state nature reserves. Specially protected natural territories in the country occupy 594939,1 ha, which is 7% of the total area.
Keywords:plant geography, nature reserves, Caucasus, xerothermic, mesothermic, poltava flora, subendemics, tertiary relicts, turgay flora, endemics
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LEGAL
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