EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PREVALENCE OF ENDOCRINE DISEASES UNDER CHANGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Rukhlyadyeva Ekaterina Alexandrovna

Endocrine diseases demonstrate a growing global prevalence, coinciding with unprecedented changes in the environmental context. In the present study, epidemiological trends of endocrine disorders were analyzed in the context of exposure to endocrine disruptors (ED) and other environmental factors. The work employed a comprehensive approach, including analysis of population databases from 15 countries over the period 2000–2024, a stratified sample of 47,845 participants, geosystem mapping of pollution, and biomonitoring of exposure. It was found that the prevalence of thyroid diseases increased by 37.8% (95% CI: 34.2–41.4), type II diabetes by 62.3% (95% CI: 58.9–65.7), and obesity by 89.4% (95% CI: 85.1–93.7) during the study period. A significant association was identified between blood concentrations of PFAS (quartile excess: OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 2.08–2.63), urinary phthalates (OR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.56–2.03), and the development of endocrine disorders. Attributable risk modeling showed that 23.7% of precocious puberty cases, 18.4% of autoimmune thyroiditis manifestations, and 31.2% of metabolic dysfunctions may be related to ED exposure. Spatial analysis revealed clusters of elevated incidence in industrialized regions with a correlation coefficient r = 0.67 between chemical plant density and the incidence of endocrine pathologies. The results underscore the critical need to integrate environmental factors into epidemiological surveillance and the development of preventive public health strategies.

Keywords:endocrine disruptors, epidemiology, environmental factors, PFAS, thyroid diseases, diabetes, obesity.