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On the semantics of homonymous separable and inseparable verb prefixes in the German language

Tankov Nikolai   (Penza State University)

Gordeeva Tatyana   (Penza State University)

Bashkova Liliya   (Penza State University)

Avdonina Lyonora   (Penza State University)

This paper deals with the semantics of German separable and inseparable verb prefixes, as well as with the semantics of prefix verbs. The study is based on the analysis of normative sources related to German grammar and on the data obtained from the corpora of the Institute for the German Language (IDS) in Mannheim, Germany. The authors reveal semantic, syntactic, and lexico-grammatical differences between homonymous separable and inseparable prefixes. The study shows that German separable and inseparable prefixes are on different stages of grammaticalization. Separable prefixes are described as having relative syntactic freedom and less abstract semantics as compared to inseparable prefixes, thus retaining the spatial semantics of their lexical sources to a certain extent. Inseparable prefixes have meanings that are more abstract and metaphorical. The abstractedness of meaning concerns less prefixes than verb lexemes formed by these prefixes. Prefixes, which are homonymous synchronically but polysemic diachronically, are joined to the same verbs and generate varied composite semantics of the utterance, differing in their behavior on the semantic, lexico-grammatical, and syntactical levels of language structure.

Keywords:semantics, grammar, German, homonymous verb prefixes, separable prefixes, inseparable prefixes, prefixation, grammaticalization, corpora-based data, semantic differences, syntactic differences, lexico-grammatical differences.
 

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Citation link:
Tankov N. , Gordeeva T. , Bashkova L. , Avdonina L. On the semantics of homonymous separable and inseparable verb prefixes in the German language // Современная наука: актуальные проблемы теории и практики. Серия: ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ. -2018. -№05/2. -С. 147-151
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