The main directions in policy of Nikolay I on the solution of the peasant question: (historiography of the problem)

Shkarubo Sergey Nikolayevich

In the article, from the standpoint of Russian historiography, the policy of Nicholas I to address the peasant issue is considered. Particular attention is paid to the Committee in 1826, which developed a number of bills on the abolition of serfdom. It is shown that the adopted laws on the peasant question in this period were mainly aimed not at the abolition of serfdom, but only at confirming the existing autocratic-bureaucratic order. In general, based on the analysis of historiography, it can be noted that the general policy direction of the government during the reign of Nicholas I was reduced to the implementation of reforms that were aimed at weakening the serfdom of the peasants from the landlords. However, there was no significant limitation of serfdom during this period. The choice of the topic of the article is also caused by the incomplete study of the main projects on the abolition of serfdom. In general, in Russian historiography there are no works that systematically study the policies of Nicholas I on the peasant issue. This article attempts to uncover this gap in historiography. The article considers various points of view on the history of the struggle among the higher bureaucratic apparatus on various aspects of peasant reform.

Keywords:State, peasants, land, society, landowner