The system of sports selection and sports orientation in sports games, criteria and approaches to the diagnosis of sports predisposition

Garbuzov Sergey Petrovich, Matsko Andrey Ivanovich, Kostenko Anaida Arsenovna, Nikiforov Yuriy Borisovich, Petina Natalia Leonidovna

The article examines the principles of domestic, American, European and Asian approaches used in selection activities in the field of sports and specialized orientation of training athletes. The study determined that the program and test indicators used in the process of selective selection and orientation in the preparation of athletes in different countries have similar general characteristics, but at the same time they also have significant differences in the proposed approaches. The main problematic of the issue of sports selection and orientation is that the tests and the indicators recorded with their help, which make up the content of the systems for assessing the predispositions of athletes in different countries, for the most part, are incompatible with each other. This difficulty in the exchange of information causes a significant constraint on the development of the selection system in each country in particular, and at the international level in general. When forming a complex of indicators, rating scales, integral assessments of prospects, various methodological approaches often do not take into account the specificity of sports, the significant influence of factors of biological age, growth rates of sports achievements, the nature of previous training. The article also discusses the issues of using functional diagnostics methods in the educational and training process, which are the main criteria for determining the level of predisposition and fitness of athletes at the present stage.

Keywords:sports selection and orientation, predisposition, systematic approach to training athletes, psychodiagnostics, tests, diagnostics.