Karachay-Balkar language and Turkic written monuments of X-XIV centures

Glashev Akhmed

The present article deals with the problem of exact translation of old Turkic written monuments of the X - XIV centuries, clarification of existing translations of these monuments by using the resources of the Karachay-Balkar language, especially its Upper Balkaria (Malqar) dialect, which has preserved more archaic, ancient Turkic features. The author gives the example of a critical analysis of the translations of Codex Cumanicus. According to the author, the Karachay-Balkar language has close relation to this these monuments and use of Karachay-Balkar language helps to clarify the translation of the above said written monuments. This is possible not only due to preservation of ancient Turkic features in the vocabulary and grammar of the Karachay-Balkar language, but also due to the information in folklore texts and all these things may contribute to the study of the above said monuments. Using the example of the riddle from the Codex Cumanicus, the author examines the errors contained in the translations known to science and offers an updated version of the translation using the materials of the Karachay-Balkar language and folklore.

Keywords:Turkic-language Written Monuments of the X - XIV centuries, Karachay-Balkar Language, Kipchak, Oghuz and Uighur Languages.