The functioning of the verb "to be sick" in the texts of F.M. Dostoevsky

Wang Tianxue

The article is devoted to the study of the lexeme "to be sick" within the semantic field of F.M.'s creative heritage.Dostoevsky. The author examines the place and role of verbal predicates in fiction in general, as well as in relation to the idiosyncrasies of the idiosyncrasy and idiolect of F.M.Dostoevsky. The significance of the study of the lexical structure of the writer for understanding his linguistic personality is shown by the example of Dostoevsky's use of word forms and combinations based on the verb word "to be sick" (taken into account his paradigmatic connections). Relying on Dostoevsky's idioglossary, the author of the study describes the nature of the syntagmatic connections of the verb "to be sick" with other concepts that make up the basic concepts of Dostoevsky's philosophical and artistic vision - "man", "life", "death", "fear", etc. Semantics, combinatorics, features of grammatical organization and syntactic allocation of verbal combinations based on the lexeme "to be sick" are considered in connection with the ideological specifics of the writer's work, which, according to the author of the article, is largely determined by the imperatives of Russian Orthodoxy. Additional semantic nuances in the analysis of the discourse of the ideoglossy "disease" are brought by the circumstances of Dostoevsky's life path. The article shows that the main purpose of the verb "to be sick" in Dostoevsky in functional and psychological terms (in addition to its traditional meaning) is the manifestation of the hero's falling out of the usual course of events, his inability to find a place in the real world and, as a consequence, spiritual confusion, withdrawal into himself. As an illustration, quantitative data are given on the frequency of the use of this verb by Dostoevsky in his works (differentiated by the works of the writer, in accordance with the accepted periodization of his work) – for example, the verb occurs 56 times in the texts of the writer. No less important is the review of textual connections of the lexeme "to be sick" and related lexico-grammatical units in the space of texts of F.M.'s works.Dostoevsky. As a result of the research carried out by the author, a specific type of context is revealed, which is formed in Dostoevsky's literary text on the basis of the verb "to be sick", which reflects, among other things, the diverse reflection of the writer himself.

Keywords:Dostoevsky's linguistic personality; the role of the verb in a literary text; the verb "to be sick" in the works of F.M.Dostoevsky; idioglossus; Dostoevsky's thesaurus.