To the question of the ratio of the potencies and the implementations of the language system

Shuvalova O. N.

The article deals with the correlation of potencies and realizations of the language system and the interrelated concept of norm. In the course of the analysis, the author proposes classifications of existing scientific ideas about potentials and realizations in the language, built on different bases: depending on the level of abstraction, in the direction of understanding the studied question. The works of famous scientists: L. Elmslev, M. N. Panov, L. V. Scherba, B. A. Serebrennikov, E. Koseriu, S. N. Zeitlin, A.V. Bondarko, L. P. Krysin are considered in the framework of the topic; the ideas of various scientific schools are indicated. There is also a number of examples illustrating the material. The article substantiates the possibility of systematization of the material. Based on the analysis, the author substantiates the rarity role of the factor of taking into account the speaker as a language user and the hierarchical typology of speakers in terms of generality and consciousness, what seems to be the most perspective approach to solving the question of the correlation of the potencies of the language system, their implementation and the normalization of this implementation. When during the speaker's speech activity, the potency turns into an implementation, and then the language user selects from the existing implementations those that are provided for by the regulations.

Keywords:linguistics, language system, the potencies of the language system, the implementations of the potencies of the language system, language norm, usage, the person speaking, the types of the persons speaking, linguistic constructing.