MECHANISMS OF PEASANT RESETTLEMENT IN STEPPE KAZAKHSTAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Skopa V. A.

Throughout the 19th – early 20th centuries, it was the peasantry in various aspects that remained the main colonization element for the Russian Empire. The Russian state entrusted the resettlement movement with solving the most important geopolitical, economic, and national problems. The process of organizing resettlement in the Semipalatinsk region was a rather complex system in which all administrative and economic units are integrated: the resettlement process, medical and veterinary care, agronomic development, sociocultural adaptation of settlers and their financial support. The resettlement business was determined by a number of works: the activities of land allotment parties and the formation of resettlement areas through land surveying, issues of a socio-economic nature, and the settlement of problems of relations between the local population and settlers. Beginning in 1906, the Semipalatinsk region was allocated as a separate resettlement area. The functionality and powers of the resettlement party were expanded, new tasks were outlined. The developed mechanisms of the central authorities on resettlement issues contributed to the peaceful process of this policy on the territory of steppe Kazakhstan.

Keywords:Kazakhstan, history, Steppe region, resettlement policy, Semipalatinsk region