PRECEDENT IN URBAN NOMINATIONS

Nikitina Olga Vyacheslavovna, Ivanova Tatyana Vladimirovna

This article examines the specific functioning of precedent phenomena in urban nominations. The relevance of this study stems from the fact that the names of intracity objects always reflect the preferences of a linguistic personality, influence their linguistic taste, and shape their linguopragmatic and sociocultural potential. Precedent texts and names themselves constitute a person's background knowledge, possess general cultural significance, are part of the historical memory of an ethnic group, and knowledge of them is considered an indicator of an individual's education. Performing nominative, identifying, and expressive functions, representing aesthetic values, possessing additional semantic load and evaluative value, and characterized by playful techniques, they always maintain the interest of city residents. The authors of the article present a classification of precedent phenomena using signs in the city of Saratov as an example. The article's source material includes names taken from Saratov city information websites, periodicals, and a card index of commercial city designations compiled by the authors over the years. An analysis of the verbal-semantic and extralinguistic levels of the designations allows us to identify various precedent phenomena that, in modern linguistic conditions, generate risk or, conversely, contribute to its elimination. The inclusion of precedent names is regarded as a manifestation of the creative individuality of the authors who create city designations, their desire and ability to depart from linguistic templates and cliches. However, sometimes variants of designations are used, which do not always facilitate unambiguous perception and increase the gap between the addresser and the addressee. The authors describe precedent names that lose their common meaning, focusing on variations in occasional word usage during the transformation of precedent names, and cases of their distortion in city designations.

Keywords:commercial nomination, linguoecology, precedent names, riskiness.