Moral development and its scientific study

Linkov Viktor Vladimirovich, Katashev Ilya Aleksandrovich

The purpose of the article is to identify and review in a holistic perspective the main issues of the scientific study of moral development, taking into account the historical origins of their understanding and modern approaches to their solution. The development of moral knowledge and emotions is considered not in an isolated way, but being united and interconnected with the development of other aspects of the human’s moral worldview. The article notes that cognitive processes underlie the acquisition of knowledge of ethical categories and rules, and this knowledge determines the awareness of moral content of actions and situations, affects the understanding and differentiation of emotions. The main results of the study of the moral development of children with hearing impairment indicate their difficulties in understanding ethical concepts and moral rules. The features and conditions of the complex correctional and educational work aimed at the elimination of difficulties in the process of individual moral development.

Keywords:Moral development, moral education, moral knowledge, emotions, moral conscience, criteria of moral development, diagnostics of moral development